The New China Playbook

March 27, 2023
Americans’ misunderstanding of China’s economic growth keeps the two nations in unnecessary conflict, argues Jin, a professor at the London School of Economics, in her thoughtful debut. “Consumers, entrepreneurs, and the state: in China none of them behaves like a conventional economic agent,” she argues, suggesting that China’s economy works through a distinctive interplay between a powerful central state and an ascendant private sector. Digging into the history of China’s recent economic boom, she tells how in 1978 Deng Xiaoping, China’s supreme leader, instituted reforms moving the country away from Soviet-style central planning toward a market economy, inaugurating a system in which the state retained wide-reaching powers that allowed it to bolster the fledgling economy. Jin emphasizes the success of China’s hybrid model, noting that reforms lifted hundreds of millions of citizens out of poverty, but she sometimes comes across as overly sanguine, as when she discusses polls that suggest Chinese citizens overwhelmingly have positive views of their government without noting whether this holds for, say, Uyghur people oppressed by the state. Still, she makes clear that the Chinese economy is far more complex than U.S. discourse lets on, and she offers an astute take on how the Chinese state cooperates with and intervenes in the private market. This elevates the conversation on U.S.-China relations.